phd credit hours in pakistan

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PhD Program

Introduction and general rules.

• Scheme of Studies
• List of PhD Scholars

Admission to PhD programme in the National Institute of Pakistan Studies (NIPS) is only made on competitive basis. This is purely in accordance with the rules and directions of the Higher Education Commission (HEC) of Pakistan and the quality assurances measures at the Institute. The minimum period for completion of PhD programme is three years whereas the maximum period is seven years. Only under exceptional circumstances and conditions, to be described in detail by the candidate and supported by the supervisor’s recommendation, the research board may allow extension beyond seven years.

Terms and Conditions/Eligibility Criteria

A candidate aspiring for admission into PhD at the Institute must:

• Possess an MPhil degree or its equivalent with a minimum CGPA of 3.00 or first division in social sciences from a recognized university.
• Submit a copy of his/her tentative research project. Admission will be given subject to the availability of the supervisor in the relevant field of research and strictly according to HEC’s rules and requirements.
• For college/university teachers and all in-service candidates, a No Objection Certificate (NOC) from the employer is mandatory to be attached with admission form and moved through proper channel.

Special Note: The Institute is bound to follow future rules and regulation or any other requirements, with regard to admission into PhD program, as indicated by the Higher Education Commission (HEC), Quaid-i-Azam University, or any other regulatory body.

PhD Compulsory and Optional / Elective Courses

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Details & Semester Outlines for PhD

Phd (management sciences).

SZABIST offers PhD in Management Sciences in the specialized areas of Human Resource Management, Marketing and Finance. The Students are required to complete 48 credit hours including 18 credit hours for course work and 30 credit hours for Dissertation. The course work includes 5 courses of 3 credit hours each and one Independent Research Study of 3 Credit hours. After completing course work, a dissertation of 30 credit hours to be completed. The degree can be earned in minimum 3 years and maximum 8 years. Following are the details of the program: • There are two compulsory courses in PhD i.e. Advanced Research Methods and Techniques and Advanced Quantitative Tools for Research. • Students cannot register in IRS before completing all compulsory courses. • Candidate may be given prerequisite/deficiency courses or theses which will be decided by the Interview Board at the time of admission. • Prerequisite Courses are non-credit courses. • The student will not be allowed to register in PhD courses before completing prerequisite courses/ thesis if any. • Dissertation of 30 Credit Hours is Compulsory. • Registration in Dissertation is allowed after passing Comprehensive Examination, GAT- Subject Test and maintaining minimum CGPA requirement • All the requirements of HEC pertaining to PhD must be fulfilled which include:          o Minimum 60% GAT Subject at the time of Admission,          o CGPA requirement (3.00 GPA/CGPA minimum pass requirement for each course and for CGPA.          o Passing Comprehensive examination to establish the PhD candidacy (maximum 2 attempts allowed).          o One Research Paper Published from the thesis in W,X, and Y-category journal before the completion of 30 Credit Hours Dissertation. • Elective Courses to be selected from the specialized area of Marketing, Finance, Human Resource and Research. • Maximum Course Load for each Semester is 9 Credit Hours. • All General guidelines mentioned in DOCTORAL DEGREE PROGRAMS are applicable on PhD-Management Science.

Second Year

Elective courses are listed under MBA / MS / PhD electives following the MBA program. Elective courses may vary from time to time. All courses may not necessarily be offered every year. Alternate courses may be substituted as and when required. Course registration is subjected to course offering as per Zabdesk each semester. The above course plan is tentative for basic understanding. Students can register in any number of offered course/s but not exceeding 3 courses (9 credit hours) per semester. One extra course can be allowed depending on the approval of program manager. Summer is not a regular semester and no new registration is offered during summer. A student can take maximum two interdisciplinary elective courses in SS/CS/IT/Media/MBA program with the prior approval of respective program managers.

PhD (Computing)

The PhD program requires students to complete 48 credit hours. Course work of 18 credits (6 courses)is needed which includes core courses, electives and Independent Research Study. Dissertation of 30 credits is also required to complete. The maximum time limit to complete the PhD degree is 8 years.

Elective courses are listed under different streams in MS Computer Science program. PhD course work credits may be implemented via selection of a particular mode of course execution (as recommended by the respective Graduate Committee/Program Coordinator) from the various available approaches, including guided/ taught courses, seminars, and independent research studies.

PhD in Educational Leadership and Management (Evening)

The PhD in Educational Leadership and Management program at the Department of Education aspires to meet the growing demand of leaders and managers with expertise in the field of education. There is a strong emphasis on research and critical awareness on issues of social justice and equity in educational contexts. It equips graduates with the knowledge and skills to have impact on educational policy, reform and practice. The PhD in Educational Leadership and Management is a 3 year program spread over six semesters. It is a 48 credit hour program comprising 5 courses, 1 Independent Research Study (3 credit hours), and a Dissertation (30 credit hours). The students will have the opportunity to specialize in the fields of Sociology of Education, Educational Policy, Testing and Evaluation,  Teacher Education, Professional Development, School Administration/Educational Leadership, Guidance & Counseling, Curriculum development, Technology Integration in Education, Early Childhood Education, Higher Education studies, Educational Psychology and Child Development

Eligibility:

• – GAT subject with minimum 60% score is also required. Last degree verification from HEC is required.
• – Candidate must have 18 years of education in the relevant discipline, i.e.an MS/ M.Phil. in education/educational leadership and management, with minimum 60% marks/CGPA 3.00 from an HEC recognized institution.

COMPULSORY COURSES*

All the students have to appear in Comprehensive Examination at the end of their course work. *The research courses are compulsory for all the students except for SZABIST continuing students who will take two elective courses instead.

Electives and majors will be offered depending on the availability of the resources.Course offering may be varied as per university  policy .

PhD course work credits may be implemented via selection of a particular mode of course execution (as recommended by the respective Graduate Committee/Program Coordinator) from the various available approaches, including guided/ taught courses, seminars, and independent research studies.

PhD SS (International Relations, Economics, Sociology and Psychology) 

For PhD SS Program, Students are required to complete 48 credit hours. 5 courses of 3 credit hours each and one Independent Research Study of 3 Credit Hours (total 18 Credit hours for Course Work) and One dissertation of 30 credit hours (Total 48 Credit Hours for PhD).

• There are two compulsory courses in PhD i.e. Advanced Research Methods and Techniques (Qualitative) Advanced Research Methods and Techniques (Quantitative).
• Students cannot register in IRS before completing compulsory courses
• Candidate may be given prerequisite/deficiency courses or theses which will be decided by the Interview Board at the time of admission.
• Prerequisite Courses are non-credit courses.
• Dissertation of 30 Credit Hours is Compulsory.
• Registration in Dissertation is allowed after passing Comprehensive Examination, GAT- Subject Test and maintaining minimum CGPA requirement
• All the requirements of HEC pertaining to PhD must be fulfilled these are: • Minimum 60% GAT Subject at the time of Admission, • CGPA requirement (3.00 GPA/CGPA minimum pass requirement for each course and for CGPA. • Passing Comprehensive examination to establish the PhD candidacy (maximum 2 attempts allowed). • One Research Paper Published from the thesis in Y-category journal before the completion of 30 Credit Hours Dissertation.
• Elective Courses to be selected from the specialized area of International Relations, Economics, Psychology and Sociology
• Maximum Course Load for each Semester is 9 Credit Hours.
• Time duration for PhD is Minimum 3 years and Maximum 8 years.
• All General guidelines mentioned in DOCTORAL DEGREE PROGRAMS are applicable on PhD- Social Sciences.

Two interdisciplinary courses can be allowed with approval of the both Program Managers subject to the relevance of courses. Elective courses may vary from time to time.

PhD Biosciences

The PhD in Biosciences is minimum 3 years program that requires completing a total of 48 credit hours. The maximum time limit to complete the PhD degree is 8 years. Maximum course load for a semester is 3 courses (9 credit hours). The following is the break-up of the 48-credit hour courses:

• 2 Core Courses (6 credit hours) *
• 4 Elective (12 credit hours) OR 1 IRS (3 credit hours) and 3 Electives (9 credit hours)
• 1 Thesis (30 credit hours)

* The research courses are compulsory for all the students except for SZABIST continuing students who will take two elective courses instead.

Interdisciplinary courses can be allowed with the approval of both the Program Managers subject to the relevance of courses. Elective courses may vary from time to time.

Followed by successfully completion of the course work, Comprehensive Examination is required to pass in order to acquire PhD Candidacy after which research period starts. The entire research work is carried out under the supervision of the PhD supervisor which is assigned and approved as per the university procedure. The complete research work is required to be submitted in the form of a “Dissertation” after a minimum period of two years.

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The admissions to courses leading to the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, abbreviated ‘PhD’, are invited from all over Pakistan and admissions are made on the competitive basis. Eligible foreign students are admitted subject to a valid visa and NOC from HEC.

• The minimum period for completion of PhD programme is three years where maximum period shall be seven years.
• 1 The PhD student prior to admission must qualify the departmental entry test.
• 2 All the admitted students in PhD programme of the University need to complete 18 credit-hours course work. The course work shall be based on at least 12- credit hours of seminar.
• 3 For a PhD student who does not hold an MPhil or equivalent degree, the course work requirement shall be of 42 (24 + 18) credit hours. The course work shall be based on at least 36-credit hours of class work teaching (regular courses) and up to maximum of 6- credit hours of seminar.
• 4 To be eligible for admission to PhD, a candidate shall possess an MS/ MPhil degree or its equivalent in a relevant subject from a recognized university with a minimum CGPA of 3.00 (Semester System) or First Division (Annual System).
• 5 For the students registered in PhD programme of Faculty Natural Sciences, a paper published in W category shall be accepted.

Scheme of Studies

1. pure mathematics, 2. applied mathematics.

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HEC Eliminates Master’s Degree Requirement in its New Ph.D. Admission Policy

The Higher Education Commission (HEC) of Pakistan is implementing a new Ph.D. admission policy that has sparked concerns among students and academics.

According to the new policy, students can pursue a Ph.D. degree directly after completing their BS programs, which means that the prerequisite of a minimum of a one-year Master’s degree after 16 years of education is no more a requirement for a Ph.D. However, Ph.D. students are required to complete 30 credit hours of coursework spanning at least two years.

Similarly, the new proposed policy states that a Ph.D. cannot be completed in less than three years or more than eight years of enrolment. Candidates are also allowed to get admission to a Ph.D. degree in another discipline if the policy makes a cut.

The policy applicable from 1 January 2021 allows researchers to send their Ph.D. dissertations to both Pakistani and experts foreign experts and makes it mandatory for students to spend at least two years in their home country during their Ph.D. program.

AIOU Issues Revised Exam Schedule for Spring Semester 2021

The HEC has not issued an official notification about the implementation of this policy which is why some universities have reached out to it to enquire about the future course of action.

The University of Karachi (KU) sent a letter to the HEC inquiring about the new admissions in the Ph.D. program, to which the Commission clearly stated in response that the new policy is binding for the universities.

Non-implementation of the policy may result in action against the universities including “warning to universities, suspension of admissions, suspension or revocation of NOCs for admissions, public alert, and non-verification of credentials”.

ECC Approves Supplementary Grant for 30 Accountability Courts

Regarding the new HEC policy, the Vice-Chancellor of the NED University, Dr. Surosh Hashmat Lodhi, said,

The positive aspect is that the policy has increased the number of courses (credit hours). People pursue a Ph.D. after a bachelor’s degree all over the world.

Meanwhile, a professor at KU, namely Dr. Hasan Kazmi, shed light on the research and funding and said,

It is an uphill task to pay the salaries of the employees from the grant being provided to the university by the HEC. The university lacks laboratories, research facilities, and an adequate grant.

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Useful information

Good to know I’m very much glad

Great news!

What’s decided about those who recently done MSC could they allow to take admission in M.phil or PhD?

Those who recently done Msc can take admission in phd directly or not?

What will be criteria for previous MS or MPhil candidates? How they will get admission in PhD program? What will be duration of PhD program for those students who are holding the MS or MPhil degree?

What is procedure for the candidates of m.phil final year candidates waiting for there final Exam. Could they have admission direct or should Clear Exam n get admission in Phd

What is it meant by bachelor degree?? I mean, can a student also get admision in Ph.D. on the basis of B.A??

No it means 16 years of education..like BS not BA

Bundle of thanks

What will be the admission criteria of phd for already m.phl holding degrees???

If they have introduced new policy then why the universties are offering admission in M.phil Programme?

What about CGPA requirement?

Unfortunately a high ranking news website is spreading fake news without any reference. You should have a little bit guilt to do such acts

If I’m not wrong. Have I wasted my time to get the degree of m.phill??

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HEC Minimum Criteria for MS/M.Phil and Ph.D. Programs

News Submitted By: Ilm Ki Dunya     30-Aug-2010    Views: 3202

Minimum Criteria for MS/M.Phil and Ph.D. Programs

Minimum requirements for MS/M.Phil and PhD Programs are as follows:

MS/M.Phil Program:

• Sixteen years of schooling or 4 year education (130 credit hours) after HSSC/F.A. /F.Sc/Grade 12 equivalent will be required for admission in the M.Phil/MS.
• The GAT-General ( www.nts.org.pk/gat/gat.asp ) conducted by the National Testing Service with a minimum 50% cumulative score will be required at the time of admission to M.Phil/M.S. The GAT-General test is valid for a period of two years.
• For award of M.Phil/M.S/Equivalent degree, candidates will either need to complete 30 credit hours of course work or complete 24 credit hours of course work along with a minimum of 6 credit hours for research work/thesis.

PhD Program:

Admission requirement:

Subject Test:

• In the case of GAT Subject test ( http://www.nts.org.pk/GAT/GATSubject.asp ) a minimum of 60% marks is required to pass the test.
• 45% Percentile Score: Valid for Admissions until December 31, 2010
• 50% Percentile Score: Valid for Admissions until December 31, 2011.
• 60% Percentile Score: Valid for Admissions thereafter.
• If the Test is not available in NTS subject list, then a University Committee consisting of at least 3 PhD faculty members in the subject area and approved by the HEC will conduct the Test at par with GRE Subject Test and qualifying score for this will be 70% score.
• Only in the case of PhD students admitted prior to January 1, 2011 the students must attempt and pass the GAT Subject or GRE Subject in the first two consecutive offerings of the test.

Course Work:

Foreign Expert Evaluation:

Open defense:

Research Paper:

Plagiarism Test:

Copy of PhD Dissertation to HEC:

Conduct of PhD Program:

• There should be at least 3 relevant full time Ph.D. Faculty members in a department to launch the Ph.D. program.
• The maximum number of Ph.D. students under the supervision of a full time faculty member is five which may be increased to eight under special circumstances in certain teaching departments subject to prior approval of the Higher Education Commission (HEC).

1. ETS GRE-Subjects:

1) Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology 2) Biology 3) Chemistry 4) Computer Science 5) Literature in English 6) Mathematics 7) Physics 8) Psychology

Minimum Qualifying Score: The minimum acceptable scores are as follows:

i. 45% Percentile Score: Valid for Admissions until December 31, 2010 ii. 50% Percentile Score: Valid for Admissions until December 31, 2011. iii. 60% Percentile Score: Valid for Admissions thereafter.

2. NTS GAT Subjects:

Presently the NTS has arrangements for the following Subjects and the Minimum Qualifying Score is 60 % Cumulative Score. 1 Agriculture Sciences 2 Architecture 3 Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology 4 Biology 5 Chemistry 6 Civil Engineering 7 Computer Engineering 8 Computer Science 9 Economics 10 Education 11 Electrical Engineering 12 Electronics 13 Environmental Sciences 14 Geography 15 History 16 Islamic Studies 17 Library Sciences 18 Literature in English 19 Management Sciences 20 Mathematics 21 Mechanical Engineering 22 Physics 23 Psychology 24 Statistics 25 Telecom Engineering 26 Urdu 27 Veterinary (Animal Sciences) 28 Veterinary (Bio-Medical Sciences) 29 Veterinary (Clinical Sciences) 30 Veterinary (Patho-Biological Sciences)

3. University Based Tests:

Every effort should be made to identify a GAT Subject test that the PhD applicant must take. In case this is really not possible. It is the responsibility of the respective universities to arrange for the Subject test at par with the GRE-Subject Test in all other subjects currently not available in the ETS and the NTS List. A University Committee consisting of at least 3 Ph.D. faculty members in the subject area with prior approval of the HEC will conduct the Test at par with GRE Subject Test.

Minimum Qualifying Score: 70% Cumulative Score

FAQs for M.Phil/M.S and PhD Programme

Q. I have sixteen years of education with second class/division. Am I eligible for admission into the M.Phil/MS programme? A. Provision of admission in M.Phil/M.S programme based on first/second/third class/division is prerogative of University/Institution. Institutions are required to follow minimum requirements of the HEC and they may stringent these criteria at their own.

Q. I have qualified GAT General with 50% and have sixteen years of education but University is denying admission on the pretext that qualifying score should be 60%? A. The HEC requires that scholars should pass NTS GAT test with minimum 50% score but Universities can ask for more score as per their policies.

Q. Is it necessary that GAT test should be qualified with minimum of 50% cumulative score before admission into the M.Phil/M.S programme? A. Yes, GAT test conducted by the National Testing Service is required to be qualified with a minimum 50% score at the time of admission to M.Phil/M.S.

Q. I have acquired admission in the PhD programme during 2006, what should be International GRE (Subject) qualifying score for me? A. All students enrolled after May 31, 2005 and before July 31, 2008 are required to qualify International Subject (GRE) with 50% (percentage) passing score. After July 31,2008 following minimum score will be required: i. 40% percentile Score: Valid for admissions until December 31, 2009 ii. 45% percentile Score: Valid for admissions until December 31, 2010 iii. 50% percentile Score: Valid for admissions until December 31, 2011 iv. 60% percentile Score: Valid for admissions thereafter

Q. I am going to appear for International GRE (Subject) in February 2010. I was enrolled in 2007. How much qualifying score is required in my case? A. As you were enrolled during 2007(prior to implementation of percentile score i.e. July 31, 2008). Therefore, 50% (percentage) score will be required for qualifying International GRE (Subject).

Q. For M. Phil/M.S degree total 30 Credit hours are required out of which 24 credit hours are for course work. Can I complete 30 credit hours by course work? A. HEC requires minimum 24 credit hours course work and has recommended thesis of minimum 6 credit hours. However, degree with 30 credit hours course work is also acceptable.

Q. I have acquired 3.0 CGPA in M.S and submitted PhD application with University, which is denying admission and is asking for 3.5 CGPA in M.S for admission in the PhD programme. A. One of the minimum requirements of the HEC for admission into PhD programme is 3.0 CGPA in M.Phil/M.S degree. However, Universities can raise this as per their policy.

Q. I am currently registered in Ph.D. Could you please update me regarding the condition of International GRE Subject Test. Is the condition abolished? A. No the condition is there but the HEC has approved to also accept the GAT Subject Test (NTS) for PhD admissions in those eight subjects where the International GRE Subject is offered.

Q. I have already cleared the International GRE Subject Test with the requisite percentile score. Should I also appear for NTS GAT Subject Test? A. Students who have already cleared the International GRE Subject Test and achieved the requisite percentile score are not required to clear the NTS GAT Subject Test.

Q. Can i take provisional admission into PhD in the Fall semester 2010 without having cleared the International GRE/NTS GAT Subject Test. A. The Universities may provide provisional admissions to PhD students who have not cleared the International GRE/NTS GAT Subject Test. However the students must compulsorily clear the International GRE/NTS GAT Subject Test within the first two offerings of the test, failing which there PhD admission should be cancelled.

Q. I have completed course work for PhD. Is it necessary to appear in comprehensive examination? What score should be acquired for qualifying that exam? A. Yes, comprehensive examination is mandatory and it should be qualified. Qualifying score should be in accordance with rules of the Institution.

Q. What does open defense of PhD Dissertation mean? A. Public defense of PhD thesis is required and announcement of final seminar should be circulated through available print and electronic media.

Q. Previously ‘Y’ Category Journal in Sciences was accepted for publication of paper for PhD degree, now, it is ‘X’ Category. A. The condition of Publication in „X? category is applicable with effect from January 11, 2010.

Q. My PhD thesis is evaluated with favorable comments by two foreign experts. University is not processing my case for final seminar, because they are asking for the third evaluation. A. The evaluation of thesis by two foreign experts with positive comments/recommendations is minimum requirement of the HEC. Universities can evaluate theses from more than two experts.

Q. How many PhD scholars one professor/supervisor can supervise? A. One supervisor can supervise five PhD Scholars that can be increased to eight under special circumstances in certain teaching departments subject to prior approval of the Higher Education Commission (HEC).

Q. Which countries are academically/technically advanced? A. Following countries are developed countries: List of Industrially/Academically advance countries for evaluation of PhD theses (For all subjects unless noted) 1 Australia 2 Austria 3 Belgium 4 Bulgaria 5 Canada 6 China+ 7 Czech Republic 8 Denmark 9 Egypt* 10 Finland 11 France 12 Germany 13 Greece 14 Hong Kong 15 Hungry 16 Iceland 17 India* 18 Iran* 19 Ireland 20 Italy 21 Japan 22 Luxemberg 23 Netherland 24 New Zealand 25 Norway 26 Poland 27 Portugal 28 Romania 29 Singapore 30 South Korea 31 Spain 32 Sweden 33 Switzerland 34 Turkey 35 United Kingdom 36 United States * For Oriental Lanaguages (Arabic etc) Islamiat, Islamic Studies + For Science Engineering & Technlogy Quality Assurance Division, HEC, Islamabad (February 24, 2010)

Q. Is there any financial assistance for GRE Test? A. Universities/DAI?s will refund GRE fee to those students who will qualify GRE test with the required score.

Q. How many students a supervisor can supervise? A. a) The maximum number of PhD students under the supervision of a full time faculty member will normally be 5 which may be increased to 8 under special circumstances in teaching departments subject to prior approval of the Higher Education Commission. b) Eminent faculty/scientists such as HEC distinguished professors, Fellow of Royal Societies (FRS) and those who have cumulative impact factor of 100 or more can supervise as many PhD students as they wish.

Q. Can Adjunct faculty members (of the University) supervise PhD Students? A. Yes, Adjunct faculty members (of the University), can supervise the PhD students.

Q. How to calculate 50% percentage score from the ETS score card? A. 50% (percentage) score is calculated from total scaled score in each subject which is available in GRE Guide book at page number 14. For example, for Mathematics, total scaled score is 900 and its 50% percent is 450.

Q. Will HEC notifies clarifications mentioned in FAQs, as Universities are insisting for the HEC notification? A. Clarifications made in FAQs are approved by the authorities and need no further notification.

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PhD Management

The PhD programmes at LUMS are fully funded for 4 years of education. Additionally, PhD candidates are given a monthly stipend as per University policy.

Students are required to pay general security (refundable) at the time of admission.

Fee Structure for FY 2024-25

Important Points

• The above breakdown of fee structure is for Year 1 of the 4 year PhD programme.
• The per credit hour rate for FY 2024–25 is PKR 45,830/-
• Fees are payable by semester according to the schedule given in the Annual Fee bill.
• University fees are usually announced once each year. However, the University reserves the right to change its policies and fee structure at any time.

Refund Policy

To learn more about the University's Refund Policy, please click here .

HEC’s new PhD policy sparks concern in academic circles

Policy enables enrolment after bachelors degree, permits thesis review by local experts, increases courseload

The Higher Education Commission of Pakistan has drafted a new policy regarding PhD admissions with some notable changes, which is garnering widespread attention from students as well as academic circles.

In a historic first, students will be able to pursue a PhD degree in another discipline if the policy makes the cut. A major aspect of the new policy is that it enables candidates to undertake PhD studies directly after four years of the BS programme.

Moreover, the policy removes the requirement to send PhD dissertations to foreign experts for review and dissertations can now be sent to Pakistani experts too for the purpose. The maximum duration of a PhD degree will be eight years, with the minimum being three years.

The new policy, applicable from January 1, 2021, will require students to spend at least two years in their home country during their PhD studies.

As the HEC has not yet issued an official notification on the implementation of the policy, a few universities have scrambled to begin correspondence with the authority on the implications and future course of action.

A letter has been sent by the University of Karachi to the HEC regarding new admissions in the PhD programme.

The HEC has termed the policy binding for the universities citing the powers conferred upon the regulator under the Higher Education Commission Ordinance 2002.

The policy states that in case of non-implementation or violation, action can be initiated such as “warning to universities, suspension of admissions, suspension or revocation of NOC for admissions, public alert and non-verification of credentials”.

Taking stock of the academic standards across Pakistan, the new initiative will keep the CGPA cut off at 3.0 or securing a First Class division degree as a requisite for aspiring students.

Despite the HEC stating that a MS or MPhil degree leading to a PhD programme will be defunct henceforth, candidates will still be allowed to get an MPhil or MS degree if they meet the required standards during the course of their doctoral studies.

The matter of credit hours, however, has presented a conundrum for academic circles. The policy mentioned that a student pursuing a PhD will have to take up a course load of 48 credit hours. The new policy states if a student has completed an MS/MPhil degree in the same discipline, the university can reduce 50 per cent of their required credit hours for the PhD programme. At present PhD programmes at universities vary between 12 to 18 credit hours courseload.

In light of the new policy, all previous policy notifications issued by the HEC have been made redundant.

Vice Chancellor of the NED University, Dr Surosh Hashmat Lodhi, shed light on the upcoming changes in the PhD programme, saying: “The positive aspect is that the policy has increased the number of courses (credit hours). People pursue PhD after a bachelor’s degree all over the world”.

Meanwhile, Dr Hasan Kazmi of the University of Karachi laid emphasis on the importance of research and funding. “It is an uphill task to pay the salaries of the employees from the grant being provided to the university by the HEC. The university lacks labortaries, research facilities and an adequate grant.”

Published in The Express Tribune, January 11 th , 2021.

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Rules & Regulations for PhD

• Course Work/Residency. The minimum course work required shall be 18 credits of graduate level courses and two years of Residency. Only relevant graduate level courses or equivalent shall be counted towards the total course work requirements of PhD.
• Research Work. In addition to the course work, all students must register for 30 Credit Hours of doctoral research and volume of research work to be determined by the Supervisor.
• Successful Dissertation Defence. Details are given in paragraphs 18-21 of this Chapter.
• Shall possess M S/M Phil (18 + years) degree or its equivalent with a minimum CGPA 3.00 out of 4.00 or first division in the relevant subject from a recognized university.
• In case the candidate is serving in a private or government organization, he/she shall also attach a “No Objection Certificate” from his/her employer, and route the admission form through proper channel.
• Shall define the area of research and proposed supervisor.
• Shall pass GAT/GRE subject test before the admission and meet HEC admission criterion as announced from time to time.
• A student previously withdrawn from HITEC University on disciplinary grounds will not be eligible to apply again for any degree program.
• In case of dispute, decision of the Vice Chancellor shall be final for grant of admission to any student in PhD program.
• Desirous applicants shall apply to the Registrar HITEC University on the prescribed application form along with necessary documents (in duplicate) to the Admission Office, as per advertised schedule of admissions. The Admission Office will issue a receipt of acknowledgment to the candidate.
• After initial scrutiny as per the eligibility of the candidate, the application form will be forwarded to the concerned department for evaluation and recommendations.
• Appraisal of academic profile of the candidate and the accompanying letters of recommendation.
• The research proposal will also be carefully assessed.
• The candidate could be called for an interview by the committee.
• Availability of a suitably qualified and experienced supervisor in the relevant field of research and his acceptance of the candidate are essential for the grant of admission to a candidate.
• After receiving approval of VC, the Registrar shall issue notification of the candidate as a provisional PhD student with intimation to all concerned. The letter will be issued to each successful/unsuccessful candidate.
• At the beginning of the program, every student shall register with the University in the discipline for which he/she has been recommended by the Admission Committee.
• Each student so selected shall be required to register and pay security and admission fee within 30 days from the date of issuance of the notification of registration.
• Required/pre-requisite and attested documents.
• Full security and admission fee as laid down.
• Any other supporting documents that may be required.
• Attested copies of certificate within two weeks of declaration of results by the candidates awaiting result is mandatory, otherwise the University will cancel their admission.

Note: - At the time of registration, candidates will provide original certificates also, which will be retained by the Admission Office till completion of the program.

• Receives „F‟ grade in more than one course.
• Fails after repeating the course.
• On completion of course work and even after availing the chances for improvement of grades, the CGPA remains below 3.00
• Fails twice in the comprehensive examination.
• On disciplinary grounds when recommended by the Discipline Committee.
• Other conditions are also applicable as mentioned in these rules.
• The candidate shall apply to the Chairperson for permission to repeat a course. The Chairperson, in consultation with the Supervisor, may permit the student to repeat the course, subject to its offering.
• The transcript shall show both the old and the new earned grades but the CGPA shall be based on the better grade.
• The student shall have to repeat the course within the time limit given by the supervisor.
• In addition to clearance of the „F‟ grade, a student shall be allowed to repeat a maximum of two courses only during his/her entire PhD coursework.
• After successful completion of graduate level courses or equivalent (minimum 18 credit hours) with a minimum CGPA of 3.00 out of 4.00, a student shall take a comprehensive examination consisting of written and oral components.
• The comprehensive examination should be conducted as soon as possible after the completion of course. The pass percentage shall be 60%.
• A Department shall normally hold at least one comprehensive examination in an academic year which shall be conducted by the PhD Examination Committee approved by the VC on the recommendations of the Chairperson of the Department and Dean of the Faculty concerned in consultation with the Supervisor.
• The Supervisor of the student will be the Chairman of this Committee.
• A maximum of two chances will be available for clearing the comprehensive examination.
• The registration of a PhD student shall be cancelled if he/she does not pass the comprehensive examination even in the second attempt.
• Within one year of passing the comprehensive examination, the student with the guidance of supervisor will submit a synopsis of the proposed research topic for the approval of Board of Advanced Studies and Research.
• On approval of synopsis of the proposed research topic by Board of Advanced Studies and Research, the admission of the candidate to PhD program will be confirmed.
• Failure to present the research proposal within the specified time may result in cancellation of admission of the candidate.
• Appointment of Guidance and Evaluation Committee. A doctoral GEC shall be formed at the earliest after the acceptance of an applicant into PhD Program, within a month after the appointment of supervisor. The Chairperson in consultation with the student and his supervisor and also with the approval of Dean shall appoint the Committee. The student‟s supervisor shall chair the Committee. GEC shall comprise of minimum three PhD members including the supervisor, one member from the department and one external member from a reputed national university or research organization / relevant industry. One additional member (if required) can be from other department of the HITEC University keeping in view the research topic and expertise of the faculty.
• Proposal Defense. There shall be a proposal defense of PhD scholar before the GEC within 6 months after passing the Comprehensive Examination.
• Appointment of a Co-Supervisor. A co-supervisor, if required, will be appointed with the mutual consent of student, supervisor, Department Chairperson and Dean. A co-supervisor should be a PhD, and shall be either from another department within HITEC University or outside the university/research organization.
• Medium of Instructions. The medium of instructions, writing and examination shall be English unless otherwise approved by the VC.
• The Supervisor of a PhD student shall submit a detailed report to the BAS&R by 30th June and 31st December each year on the progress of the student.
• In the absence of Supervisor, progress report will be submitted by the Chairman of the Department concerned.
• In case of two consecutive unsatisfactory reports by the Supervisor, the case will be recommended to BAS&R for cancellation of admission.
• Any subsequent changes in the proposal will be forwarded to BAS&R through concerned Department and Dean.
• Request for change in PhD supervisor or if a supervisor opts to withdraw from supervision of a candidate will be sent to BAS&R for approval, through the Chairperson of concerned department.
• No relaxation in the completion time will be granted on this basis.
• The change request of supervisor and topic is allowed once during entire PhD coursework.
• Minimum period for completion of PhD program shall be three years whereas the maximum period shall be eight years and shall include two years of residency.
• During residency, the University staff(s) selected to undergo the PhD program shall temporarily discontinue teaching (for residency period only) and will be paid scholarship/stipend as applicable/authorized from time to time.
• Research Publication. Publication of at least one research paper based on PhD research work in an HEC approved “W” or “X” category Journal is essential for the award of PhD Degree in Science disciplines, while for Social Sciences paper published in Y category journal is acceptable besides W and X category of Journals.
• Standing list of local external and foreign examiners suggested from time to time by the Departmental Board of Studies/Board of Faculty concerned and approved by the Board of Advanced Studies and Research will be maintained by each Department.
• The Supervisor shall suggest a panel of at least eight external examiners (four local and four foreign experts) from the approved list. The VC in consultation with Dean shall appoint two external and two local examiners from the suggested panel to evaluate the dissertation.
• Dissertation must be evaluated by at least two experts from technologically advanced countries and two local experts.
• Plagiarism Test. Plagiarism Test must be conducted on the dissertation before its submission to foreign and local experts by the QAC.
• The dissertation will be sent for evaluation to two experts from technologically/academically advanced foreign countries and two local experts (external).
• Final presentation of dissertation will be given after obtaining unanimous positive evaluation report by all the four experts.
• Each expert shall submit his/her report to the Controller of Examinations.
• In case of rejection by one of the expert, the dissertation will be sent to the expert from the originally proposed panel for obtaining the final opinion.
• In case, if two of the experts ask for a resubmission, the candidate will be asked to work on the dissertation for a maximum period of six months before submitting it for re-evaluation.
• The dissertation shall be resubmitted after incorporating revisions and changes suggested by expert(s).
• Re-submission may be allowed at least three months after intimation to the concerned supervisor.
• If dissertation is approved by the four examiners, the Dean shall allow the candidate to defend the dissertation in open defence.
• If any of the examiners suggests modification/revision of the dissertation, the candidate shall be required to resubmit a revised version of the dissertation, duly certified by the Supervisor, within one year.
• The revised dissertation shall be approved by the same examiner.
• Minor modifications will be incorporated without referring again to the examiner.
• In case, one of foreign/local experts fails to respond within three months, the dissertation would be sent to the third foreign/local expert and then to fourth expert, if the third foreign/local expert also fails to respond within three months.
• In case, fourth foreign/local expert fails to respond within three months, a new panel shall be recommended for selection by the supervisor.
• The process would be repeated until evaluation reports by two foreign and two local experts have been received.
• The Supervisor, after receiving experts‟ unanimous positive opinion, will confirm to Controller of Examinations that all requirements of the program have been met successfully for the conduct of Dissertation defence.
• The Dissertation defence shall be conducted by the panel of examiners consisting of two local examiners (who had reviewed the dissertation), members of the GEC (including the supervisor) and the Chairperson of the Department. All members of panel of examiners, well before the date of open defence, shall have complete access to the dissertation and the reports of external examiners. @ In case of non availability of a local external examiner (who had reviewed the dissertation), another local external examiner(s) (already approved vide Para 13c) will be appointed by the VC in consultation with Dean.
• The Controller of Examinations will notify the date and place for holding the open defence.
• Prior to candidate‟s presentation, the Supervisor will introduce the student.
• The candidate will make a detailed presentation of the research work.
• For maximum participation, the schedule of open defence of the Dissertation by the candidate shall be announced at least four weeks prior to its conduct.
• The Dissertation defence shall be open to the public but the evaluation will be done by the panel of examiners.
• Consequent to the open defence, the panel of examiners will give its decision by a majority vote.
• It shall form a distinct contribution to knowledge and afford evidence of originality, shown by the discovery of new facts, by the exercise of independent critical judgment, and/by the invention of new methods of investigation.
• It shall not include research work for which a degree has already been conferred in this or any other university.
• Initially, the candidate shall submit four spiral bound copies of completed dissertation along with an application on prescribed form, duly recommended by the supervisor and the Chairman of the Department to the CoE, for evaluation of dissertation.
• At final submission six hard bound copies of dissertation with a soft copy each on CD, will be prepared for submitting of four copies to the University (out of which one set will be sent to HEC), one copy for the Department, one copy for the Supervisor, one for Library and one student copy.
• The candidate who successfully completes all the requirements including passing of Dissertation defence shall be awarded, with the approval of the Board of Advanced Studies and Research; the degree of PhD under the Seal of the University in the relevant discipline.
• The VC may approve the recommendations of the Board of Advanced Studies and Research on behalf of the Board of Governors regarding the award of PhD degree to the candidate.
• The candidate or his spouse or his relatives shall not communicate with external examiner(s) directly or indirectly.
• Any faculty member of the department shall not participate in the PhD process of a candidate at any stage, if the candidate is his blood relation or his spouse or the faculty member is a candidate himself.
• External examiners may not be co-author of any publication with the candidate or his spouse or his blood relative or supervisor.
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PhD in Education Week-end Program

Postgraduate

College of Economics & Social Development

Course Detail

The aim of PhD in Education program is to promote scholarship, research and service at national and international levels. The research-oriented doctoral program is the highest academic degree facilitating candidates to remain updated in research literature and conducting socially relevant and intellectually competent research studies in specialized areas. The program offers a range of courses in contemporary topics of education and development, assisting the scholars to compete for leadership positions.

Eligibility

MPhil/MS (Education) or equivalent graduates from HEC recognized institutions meeting the following criteria:

• All candidates applying for PhD must have at least a CGPA of 3.00 out of 4.00 in their last degree

Testing Requirement:

The Graduate Record Examination (GRE) test administered by the Education Testing Service or a Subject Specific Graduate Admission Test (GAT Subject) administered by the Education Testing Council.

Statement of Purpose:

Required as part of the application to admission in PhD program

Program Requirements

PhD requires completion of course work and dissertation/thesis. Minimum duration is three years and maximum are eight years:

• Course work of 24 credit hours (4 core courses and 4 electives)
• The student must publish one research paper during his/her PhD studies
• On completion of dissertation/thesis the student is awarded 30 credit hours
• Any other HEC requirement

Program Structure

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Thesis: 30 Credit Hours

Core Courses

PED701 Methods and Issues in Advanced Qualitative Research PED703 Methods and Issues in Advanced Quantitative Research PED705 Ways of Knowing PED733 Designing and Developing a Research Framework

NB: It is mandatory for students to attend defense sessions given by MPhil and PhD candidates .

Elective Courses

PED741 Application of Research Methods in Education PED831 Writing Proposals for Grants PED833 Independent Research Study PED835 Global Insights in Teacher Education PED837 Research & Innovation in Educational Leadership PED820 Innovations & Pedagogies in Teacher Education PED839 Designing & Conducting Action Research in Education

PED991 Research Thesis (3 credit-hour) PED992 Research Thesis (6 credit-hour) PED993 Research Thesis (9 credit-hour)

Interested in this program? Visit the admissions page for more information.

Higher education

How is Pakistani higher education organised? To which Dutch diplomas can you compare these Pakistani diplomas?

Higher education in Pakistan

Pass bachelor's degree, honours bachelor degree, professional bachelor's degree, postgraduate bachelor's degree, postgraduate diploma, master's degree with a pass or honours bachelor as an admission requirement, master's degree with a 4-year bachelor’s degree as an admission requirement, master of philosophy, doctor of philosophy (phd).

Unlike Dutch higher education, Pakistani higher education is not divided into HBO i and WO i . Pakistani higher education institutions can offer both types of education. This often means that, for each diploma, we have to determine whether it is HBO or WO. Below, we describe the diplomas that we often see.

Higher professional education ( hoger beroepsonderwijs , HBO). Dutch higher education distinguishes between research-oriented higher education ( wetenschappelijk onderwijs , WO) and higher professional education ( hoger beroepsonderwijs , HBO). HBO is more oriented towards professions in specific areas than WO, and has traditionally been offered at universities of applied sciences ( hogescholen ).

Research-oriented higher education ( wetenschappelijk onderwijs , WO). Dutch higher education distinguishes between research-oriented higher education ( wetenschappelijk onderwijs , WO) and higher professional education ( hoger beroepsonderwijs , HBO). WO is oriented more towards theory and research than HBO, and has traditionally been offered at research universities ( universiteiten ).

During a pass bachelor's programme, student do not specialise in a certain subject, but they choose a track. For example, they choose the science track with the electives biology, mathematics and chemistry. They do not specialise in 1 of these subjects.

• Duration i : 2 years.
• Study load i : 60-72 credit hours.
• business administration;
• science; or
• technology. They do not write a thesis. In technology, students study technical subjects and undergo 1 year of practical training (industrial training).
• Admission requirements: a Higher Secondary School Certificate or Intermediate School Certificate , sometimes with extra requirements, such as certain subjects and/or grades. Educational institutions may also accept other diplomas, such as the Diploma of Associate Engineer .
• Function of the diploma: access to some master's programmes, see Master's degree with a pass or honours bachelor as an admission requirement .
• Bachelor of Arts (Pass);
• Bachelor of Business Administration (Pass);
• Bachelor of Commerce (Pass);
• Bachelor of Science (Pass);
• Bachelor of Technology (Pass). Please note: '(Pass)' is nog always mentioned on the diploma. For example, a pass Bachelor of Arts may be referred to as just 'Bachelor of Arts'.

The official length of the full-time programme (not part-time) without study delay.

The amount of time the average student needs to master the subject matter/course material. This includes both contact hours (education) and hours for self-study. Educational institutions describe the study load in credits, such as ECTS .

We compare a Bachelor of Arts (Pass) to a VWO i diploma.

Pre-university education ( voorbereidend wetenschappelijk onderwijs , VWO). A VWO diploma is awarded upon successful completion of a 6-year programme of pre-university education. VWO is the highest level of general secondary education available in the Netherlands.

We compare a Bachelor of Business Administration (Pass) to 2 years of HBO or an associate degree.

We compare a Bachelor of Commerce (Pass) to 2 years of HBO or an associate degree.

We compare a Bachelor of Science (Pass) to a VWO diploma.

We compare a Bachelor of Technology (Pass) to 2 years of HBO or an associate degree.

During an honours bachelor's programme, students specialise in a certain field. They only take chemistry courses, for example. This is different from the pass bachelor's degree. In that case, students do not specialise.

• Duration: usually 3 years, sometimes 4 years.
• Study load: 90-140 credit hours.
• technology. Sometimes students write a thesis or do a graduation project.
• Admission requirements: a Higher Secondary School Certificate or Intermediate School Certificate , often with extra requirements, such as certain subjects and/or grades. Educational institutions may also accept other diplomas, such as the Diploma of Associate Engineer .
• Bachelor of Arts (Honours);
• Bachelor of Business Administration (Honours);
• Bachelor of Commerce (Honours);
• Bachelor of Science (Honours); or
• Bachelor of Technology (Honours). Please note: '(Honours)' is nog always mentioned on the diploma. For example, an honours Bachelor of Arts may be referred to as just 'Bachelor of Arts'.

We compare a 3-year Bachelor of Arts (Honours) to 3 years of HBO or 1 year of WO. This depends on the content and aim of the study programme.

We compare a 4-year Bachelor of Arts (Honours) to an HBO bachelor's degree or 2 years of WO. This depends on the content and aim of the study programme.

We compare a 3-year Bachelor of Business Administration (Honours) to 3 years of HBO.

We compare a 4-year Bachelor of Business Administration (Honours) to an HBO bachelor’s degree.

We compare a 3-year Bachelor of Commerce (Honours) to 3 years of HBO.

We compare a 4-year Bachelor of Commerce (Honours) to an HBO bachelor’s degree.

We compare a 3-year Bachelor of Science (Honours) to 3 years of HBO or 1 year of WO. This depends on the content and aim of the study programme.

We compare a 4-year Bachelor of Science (Honours) to an HBO bachelor's degree or 2 years of WO. This depends on the content and aim of the study programme.

We compare a Bachelor of Technology (Honours) to an HBO bachelor’s degree.

There are various professional bachelor's degrees in Pakistan. Professional bachelor's programmes often prepare students for a certain profession.

• Duration: usually 5 years (medical study programmes), sometimes 4 years (other study programmes).
• Study load: 124-170 credit hours.
• Content: students attend lectures. They often do practicals and/or an internship. Sometimes they write a thesis or do a graduation project.
• Function of the diploma: work. Access to master's programmes is also possible.
• Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA);
• Bachelor of Engineering (BE);
• Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.);
• Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS);
• Doctor of Pharmacy (DPharm);
• Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (DVM).

We compare a 4-year professional bachelor's degree to an HBO bachelor’s degree or 2 years of WO. This depends on the content of the study programme.

We compare a 5-year professional bachelor's degree to a WO bachelor’s degree.

After completing a pass bachelor’s programme, students can continue studying for a postgraduate bachelor's degree. We often see the following 2 postgraduate bachelor's degrees:

• Bachelor of Education.

Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.)

If students complete a study programme in law after a pass bachelor's degree, they receive a Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.).

• Duration: 3 years.
• Content: law. The study programme is mostly about theory, but students usually do not write a thesis.
• Admission requirements: a pass bachelo's degree , sometimes with extra requirements, such as certain grades.
• Function of the diploma: working in the field of law. Access to master's programmes is also possible.
• Diploma: Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.).

We compare a Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) to a WO bachelor’s degree.

Please note: there is also a professional bachelor's degree in law. It has a duration of 5 years and students do not need a pass bachelor for admission. Both the postgraduate bachelor's degree and professional bachelor's degree in law lead to the same diploma (in terms of level), the Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.).

Bachelor of Education

If students complete a teacher training programme after a pass bachelor's degree , they receive a Bachelor of Education.

• Duration: 1 year or 1½ years.
• Content: a teacher training programme, usually aimed at teaching 2 school subjects. Students study educational subjects, such as pedagogy and education methods. They also do an internship, but do not write a thesis.
• Admission requirements: a pass bachelor's degree, sometimes with extra requirements, such as certain grades.
• Function of the diploma: working as a teacher. Access to master's programmes is also possible.
• Diploma: Bachelor of Education (BEd).

The level of a Bachelor of Education varies. Please contact us for a credential evaluation .

Please note: there are also teacher training programmes for honours bachelor's and professional bachelor's degrees. These study programmes take longer to complete than the postgraduate bachelor's degree. They usually have a duration of 4 years. You can recognise this by the number of credits hours that students must obtain for the diploma. Students also receive a different diploma at the end of an honours bachelor's degree, for example a Bachelor of Education (Honours) or a Bachelor of Science Education.

It is not only possible to obtain degrees in Pakistani higher education, such as bachelors or masters. Students can also obtain a different kind of diploma on completion of some study programme. An example is the Postgraduate Diploma.

• Duration: usually 1 year.
• Content: subjects in the area of the chosen specialisation (often business administration and management). In some cases, students also take 1 or 2 subjects on academic research methods. They usually do not write a thesis.
• Admission requirements: these depend on the study programme and educational institution. Often a pass bachelor's degree with a certain average grade is required, sometimes an entrance exam as well. Previous education may often be in a non-relevant field of study.
• Function of the diploma: work, In some cases, access to master's programmes is also possible.
• Diploma: Postgraduate Diploma in + field of study, for example Postgraduate Diploma in Business Administration.

The level of a Postgraduate Diploma varies. Please contact us for a credential evaluation .

It is important to check the admission requirements of a master's degree. This gives you information about the level of the study programme. For admission to some master’s programmes, students need a pass or honours bachelor's degree. You can find information about the admission requirements on the website of the Pakistani higher education institution. You cannot tell from the name of the diploma.

• Duration: 1 to 2 years.
• Study load: 30-60 credit hours.
• Content: usually subjects in arts, science, commerce, business administration or technology. Sometimes students do an internship, often they do not write a thesis. Students usually do not learn how to carry out academic research.
• Admission requirements: a pass bachelor's degree or an honours bachelor's degree with Division II results . Sometimes the pass or honours bachelor's degree needs to have been obtained in a specific field of study.
• Function of the diploma: access to further studies, such as MPhil or PhD programmes, or work.
• Master of Arts
• Master of Business Administration;
• Master of Commerce;
• Master of Science.

The level of a master's degree with a pass or honours bachelor's degree as an admission requirement varies. Please contact us for a credential evaluation .

It is important to check the admission requirements of a master's degree. This gives you information about the level of the study programme. For admission to some master’s programmes, students need a 4-year bachelor’s degree. You can find information about the admission requirements on the website of the Pakistani higher education institution. You cannot tell from the name of the diploma.

• Duration: 1½ to 2 years.
• Content: course work and sometimes research and/or a thesis as well.
• Admission requirements: a 4-year bachelor’s degree, usually in a relevant field of study and with at least Division II results .
• Master of Arts;
• Master of Engineering;

The level of a master's degree with a 4-year bachelor’s degree as an admission requirement varies. Please contact us for a credential evaluation .

The Master of Philosophy (MPhil) is a research master. Please note: in this context, the term ‘philosophy’ does not refer to any association of the programme with the study of philosophy, but rather to its foundation in research. MPhil programmes may be found in any branch of studies.

• Duration: 2 years.
• Study load: at least 36 credit hours.
• Content: usually 1 year of coursework, 1 year of research and writing a thesis.
• Admission requirements: 4 years of higher education, often in a relevant field of study. This can be a 4-year bachelor’s degree or a master’s degree after a pass or honours bachelor's degree . Often students need a certain average grade for admission as well.
• Function of the diploma: research. For some PhD programmes, students must first obtain a Master of Philosophy .
• Diploma: Master of Philosophy.

We compare a Master of Philosophy to a 1-year WO master’s degree.

A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) is a doctorate from a higher education institution. Usually, candidates continue to study in the field of study of their master’s degree.

• Duration: 3 to 5 years.
• Study load: at least 18 credit hours.
• Content: research and a dissertation, in some cases several subjects with regard to the research specialisation as well.
• Admission requirements: usually a master's degree, often with a certain average grade and an entrance exam. For some study programmes, students must first obtain a Master of Philosophy .
• Diploma: Doctor of Philosophy.

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How Many Credit Hours Does It Take to Get a Doctorate Degree?

When it comes to being top of your field, there’s nothing quite like earning a doctorate degree. Whether you want to advance your career to the pinnacle or teach at the college or university level, a doctorate degree is a must.

As you think about enrolling in a doctoral program , you may be wondering how many credits are required for a doctorate degree. More importantly, you may want to know what you can do to earn your doctorate even faster.

This guide can help you better understand credit hours so you can figure out how long it will take to earn your doctorate degree. This includes how credit hours vary by doctoral program, who determines doctoral credit requirements and how to calculate your own credit hours.

How Many Credit Hours Should a Doctoral Program Have?

Because credit hour requirements vary by program, there is no set-in-stone rule for the number of credits required to earn a doctorate. In general, you can expect credit hour requirements to be anywhere from 60 to 120.

Why such a wide range? A lot of reasons, including degree type, area of study, institutional requirements and regional and state mandates. Here’s a closer look at each.

Degree Type From a traditional Ph.D. to an applied doctorate, the type of degree you earn has everything to do with how many credit hours you’ll need to graduate. In general, you can expect a Ph.D. program to require the full 120 hours and an applied doctorate program to require around 60 credit hours.

Area of Study What you choose to study has a really big impact on how many hours you need to earn your doctorate. Some subjects, including the hard sciences and humanities, require fewer credit hours whereas some fields, such as psychology, require more. Don’t just assume all programs are the same. Ask about the specific program you’re thinking of enrolling in so you know for sure just how many credit hours are needed.

Institutional Requirements Every university determines its own curriculum as well as the number of credit hours awarded for each class, and the total number of credit hours required to complete each program. Even if you’re earning a degree that someone else is earning, but at a different school, you could be required to have more or less credits because that number is based on the structure of the program.

Regional and State Mandates High-quality universities are governed by both regional and state accrediting bodies, which determine the minimum number of credit hours required to earn a doctorate. The State of Ohio, for example, requires students to earn at least 60 credit hours beyond their bachelor’s degree credits. Again, you’ll want to ask about your specific program at the university of your choice.

How Are Credit Hours Determined?

Each university determines the number of credit hours associated with a course based on the anticipated time it will take to complete a course. Time includes what’s spent in the classroom on lessons, as well as on research and studying. For most terminal degrees, one course equals 3 to 4 credit hours.

As an example, Franklin University has determined that one credit hour is equal to 30 hours of work (lessons, research, studying). Most of Franklin’s major courses are 4 credit hours. If you do the math (30 x 4), you’ll find that it takes about 120 hours worth of lessons, research and study to complete one course.

Earning a doctorate is challenging and rewarding, but do you know what to really expect? Download this free guide for tips and insights to help you prepare for success.

4 ways to earn credit hours in a doctoral program.

There are four fundamental ways to earn credit toward your doctorate.

1. Major and Focus Area Courses Major courses are foundational to the subject matter of your degree. They focus on providing you with a breadth of information that’s crucial to success in your particular industry.

2. Electives Electives or focus area courses give you the opportunity to explore areas of specialization or in-depth study within your chosen degree program.

3. Research Core Your core research courses will teach you how to perform quantitative and secondary research, use common tools and software, and write your dissertation.

4. Dissertation Requirements Dissertation requirements typically include a comprehensive exam, research and writing, culminating in your dissertation defense.  

3 Ways to Get Credit Toward Your Doctorate Degree

Depending on your program or school, here are three ways you could earn credit for what you already know.

1. Master’s Degree or Graduate Study Your institution may accept some of your master’s degree credit or credits completed at the graduate level. These credits could go toward the total hours you need to earn your doctorate. For example, if your master’s degree required 32 hours to complete, then any master’s level coursework above and beyond those 32 hours might be applied to your doctorate. 

2. Transfer Credit The amount of transfer credit you can use at the doctoral level really depends on the institution. Programs with liberal transfer credit policies, including Franklin University , may allow transfer of up to 29 hours of credit for previously completed doctoral coursework.

3. Experience or Credentials Some doctoral programs will give you college credit for the coursework taken outside of a degree program to prepare for credentials. For example, you could earn credit toward Franklin’s Doctor of Education (Ed.D.) degree with a PK-12 Educational Leadership Focus for completing coursework toward a superintendent license.

How Long Will it Take to Earn the Credit Hours Needed to Complete a Doctorate Program?

While the number of credit hours for a doctoral program is set in stone, the length of time to graduation is highly dependent on a number of factors. Here’s a look at the four most common.

1. Type of Doctorate and Program Individual areas of study within the Ph.D. program or professional doctorate play a big part in how long it takes to earn your doctorate. In general, though, you can expect that a Ph.D. program will take a lot longer to complete than a professional doctorate . The average Ph.D. takes 8.2 years to complete, while a professional doctorate can be completed in as few as three years.

2. Method of Instruction Whether you enroll in an online program , an in-person program, or a blended program that offers both options, the method of instruction has a lot to do with how long it will take to finish your degree

Keep in mind that online programs offer greater flexibility, which, as a full-time student, usually means a faster finish. In-person programs typically take longer to complete. Why? Usually this is because the student is required to complete the individual degree requirements as well as take on the additional responsibilities of teaching and research. Blended programs offer the pros and cons of both methods so the time it takes to finish really depends on preference and availability of time.

3. Individual Pace If you enroll in a 100% online professional doctorate program as a full-time student (even while you’re working), you can expect to earn your degree in about three years. Compare that with part-time attendance, which would then take you roughly four or five years to finish.

Keep in mind that you’ll need to consider the doctorate program’s “maximum time to completion.” For example, Franklin University’s maximum time to completion for a doctorate program is seven years. Unless you take time off during your program, however, it’s highly  unlikely it would take the maximum seven years to finish.

4. Professional and Personal Commitments One of the best things about attending a college or university with flexibility scheduling is that you can complete your doctorate at your own pace. Because of where you are in your career, you’ll probably want to continue working even while you pursue your doctorate. So, consider your life, work and career situation as you determine the amount of time you’re willing and able to commit to your studies. Just keep in mind that doctorate programs are rigorous. They require a passion and dedication to both continue working and complete your studies. And don’t forget you’ll need to commit to attending your classes, studying, researching, and writing and defending your dissertation. So, consider a program that helps you jumpstart your dissertation so you can finish faster.

Is Faster Better When it Comes to Earning Your Doctorate?

The number of credits required to complete your doctorate and the amount of time it takes to finish isn’t the only consideration when choosing your doctoral program.

Consider the quality of your professional doctorate degree program to see if it aligns with your personal circumstances and professional goals.

Finally, remember, when it comes to investing your time, energy and finances, rather than worrying about how many credit hours you need, focus on finding a quality program with the support you need to finish your doctorate.

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With the right backing, people and businesses have the power to progress in incredible ways. When you join Team Amex, you become part of a global and diverse community of colleagues with an unwavering commitment to back our customers, communities and each other. Here, you’ll learn and grow as we help you create a career journey that’s unique and meaningful to you with benefits, programs, and flexibility that support you personally and professionally.

At American Express, you’ll be recognized for your contributions, leadership, and impact—every colleague has the opportunity to share in the company’s success. Together, we’ll win as a team, striving to uphold our company values and powerful backing promise to provide the world’s best customer experience every day. And we’ll do it with the utmost integrity, and in an environment where everyone is seen, heard and feels like they belong.

Join Team Amex and let’s lead the way together.

Business Unit/Role Specific Info

As a Data Science colleague, you have the opportunity to make your mark on technology and life at American Express. You’ll be challenged everyday as we work together to create digital products and develop actionable data-driven insights to meet the customers of tomorrow. It is an exciting opportunity for someone who wants to help shape digital experiences for one of the world’s top brands.

Where are these roles located within American Express?

Global Decision Science : Data Science colleagues will serve as a key member of the Credit and Fraud Risk organization. We seek a thought-leader and a problem-solver who can blend business, technical, and industry standard processes when it comes to developing the analyses, models, and algorithms that power our customers’ digital experiences.

This vital team is responsible for leading enterprise risks throughout the customer lifecycle, across our consumer and commercial businesses, and across all our global products. We develop industry-first data capabilities, build profitable decision-making frameworks, create machine learning-powered predictive models, and improve customer servicing strategies.

How Will You Make an Impact in This Role?

Our Decision Science teams use industry leading modeling and AI practices to predict customer behavior. We develop, deploy and validate predictive models and support the use of models in economic logic to enable profitable decisions across credit, fraud, marketing and servicing optimization engines.

What type of work can you expect to do in Data Science at American Express?

The specific job responsibilities would depend on the team you are selected in for a summer internship role. Broadly the role could entail some of the below listed responsibilities:

• Work with extensive amounts of digital data (Web, App, API) and sophisticated tools in an industry leading Big Data environment.
• Build everything from basic reports to advanced machine learning models and algos to drive improvements to our customer’s online and mobile app experiences.
• Develop insights into customer behavior and introduce new directions to transform complex behavioral data into useful information
• Bring to bear the power of closed loop through Amex network to make decisions more intelligent and relevant
• Innovate with a focus on developing newer and better approaches using big data & machine learning solutions

Minimum Qualifications

• Currently enrolled in a full-time Masters/PhD degree program in a quantitative field (Computer Science, Statistics, Mathematics, Physics, Operation Research and etc.) with hands-on experience using sophisticated analytical and machine learning techniques. PhD degree with practical experiences NLP is a significant plus.
• Students must have a graduation date between December 2025 and June 2026

Preferred Qualifications

• Passion for improving end-to-end customer experience, innovation and customer first thinking
• Proven track record to frame business problems into mathematical programming problems to engineer a solution and deliver business insights
• Expertise in an analytical language (Python, R or the equivalent), and experience with databases (Hive, SQL, or the equivalent)
• Ambitious thinker who’s organized, has excellent attention to detail, and can multi-task
• Ability to blend big picture thinking with fine details and lead many stakeholders
• Willing to try new things, experiment, and share fresh perspectives
• Proficient in presentation tools, including Excel and PowerPoint
• Excellent written and verbal communication skills

Our team will review completed applications on a rolling basis. We appreciate your patience while we consider your application and will be in contact with you.

Apply now!  

In order for your application to be considered, please complete the below steps:  

• Click on the link below and select “Apply”
• Create a new username and password
• Complete and submit your application

 JOB LINK: https://aexp.eightfold.ai/careers/job/24282229

Salary Range: $38.45 to $87.00 hourly + sign-on bonus

The above represents the expected salary range for this job requisition. Ultimately, in determining your pay, we’ll consider your location, experience, and other job-related factors.

Employment eligibility to work with American Express in the United States is required as the company will not pursue visa sponsorship for these positions

We back our colleagues and their loved ones with benefits and programs that support their holistic well-being. That means we prioritize their physical, financial, and mental health through each stage of life. Benefits include:

• Competitive base salaries
• Flexible work arrangements and schedules with hybrid and virtual options with Amex Flex
• Free access to global on-site wellness centers staffed with nurses and doctors (depending on location)
• Free and confidential counselling support through our Healthy Minds program
• Career development and training opportunities

For a full list of Team Amex benefits, visit our Colleague Benefits Site .

American Express is an equal opportunity employer and makes employment decisions without regard to race, color, religion, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, national origin, veteran status, disability status, age, or any other status protected by law.

We back our colleagues with the support they need to thrive, professionally and personally. That’s why we have Amex Flex, our enterprise working model that provides greater flexibility to colleagues while ensuring we preserve the important aspects of our unique in-person culture. Depending on role and business needs, colleagues will either work onsite, in a hybrid model (combination of in-office and virtual days) or fully virtually.

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