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ESSAY PAPER – UPSC Civil Services Mains Examination – 2019

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UPSC Civil Services Mains Examination – 2019

ESSAY PAPER

1. Wisdom finds truth

2. Values are not what humanity is, but what humanity ought to be

3. Best for an individual is not necessarily best for the society

4. Courage to accept and dedication to improve are two keys to success

5. South Asian societies are woven not around the state, but around their plural cultures and plural identities

6. Neglect of primary health care and education in India are reasons for its backwardness

7. Biased media is a real threat to Indian democracy

8. Rise of Artificial Intelligence: the threat of jobless future or better job opportunities through reskilling and upskilling

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The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) is India’s central agency responsible for conducting civil services exams. Established under the Constitution, it recruits candidates for various civil services, including IAS, IPS, and IFS. The rigorous exam process involves three stages: Preliminary, Mains, and Interview, testing candidates’ knowledge, aptitude, and personality. UPSC ensures a transparent and merit-based selection, playing a crucial role in shaping India’s administrative framework. The commission’s objective is to ensure efficient public administration by selecting competent and dedicated individuals for civil services.

The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) is a central agency in India responsible for conducting examinations and appointments for various civil services and posts. Established under Article 315 of the Indian Constitution, the UPSC plays a crucial role in ensuring a fair and transparent recruitment process for the nation’s civil services. 

UPSC Prelims Previous Year Question Papers 

As always said, “practice makes a man perfect,” so the candidates preparing for Civil services must answer questions from UPSC’s previous year’s paper. Practicing the previous year question paper helps the aspirants to familiarize themselves with the exam structure and the nature of the questions asked in the examination. Solving UPSC’s previous year question papers also helps the candidates to identify important topics and provide an opportunity for candidates to assess their conceptual clarity on the subjects.

The UPSC Prelims exam consists of 2 papers (General Studies-1 and CSAT). It has objective-based question, in other words the questions asked in the prelims round are of the MCQ( Multiple Choice Questions) type. In total, both papers are of 400 marks, divided into 200 each. The UPSC IAS Prelims Previous Year Question Papers will help aspirants score well in the preliminary round and will allow them to move ahead in the UPSC IAS selection process.

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As important as it is to solve UPSC prelims previous year question papers, in a similar manner solving UPSC mains previous year question papers is also important. The previous year’s question papers are extremely important to gain insight into the type of questions asked in the exam. 

The UPSC Mains examination consists of 9 papers and is descriptive. Out of 9 papers, 2 papers are qualifying in nature while the marks scored in the remaining 7 papers are considered for merit. In total, the UPSC exam carries an overall weightage of 1750 marks. The 2 qualifying papers are the Language papers- English and a compulsory Indian Language. The remaining 7 papers are- General Studies I, II, III, IV, V, Optional Paper I & II, and an Essay. The duration of all these papers is 3 hours each.

UPSC Mains Previous Year Question Paper- General Studies

UPSC Mains Previous Year Question Paper- Essay

UPSC Mains Previous Year Question Paper- Optional Subjects 

Candidates can select two optional subjects for the UPSC IAS Mains Exam. Available options include Agriculture, Civil Engineering, Geology, Management, Political Science and International Relations, Zoology, Sociology, History, Economy, among others. Choose the subject that aligns with your interests and begin practicing previous years’ UPSC Mains optional question papers.

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General Studies – 4 (Ethics) Question Paper: UPSC Civil Services Mains Exam – 2019

UPSC MAINS GS-4 ETHICS PAPER 2019

Essay Paper – 2019

General Studies Paper – 1

General Studies Paper – 2

General Studies Paper – 3

INSIGHTSIAS 

UPSC CSE 2019 

GENERAL STUDIES – 4

Duration-3 hours                                                                       Total Marks: 250

INSTRUCTIONS:

• All questions are compulsory.
• The number of marks carried by a question/part is printed against it.

SECTION ‘A’

1.(a) What are the basic principles of public life? Illustrate any three of these with suitable examples. (150 words) 10

1.(b) What do you understand by the term ‘public servant’? Reflect on the expected role of public servant. (150 words) 10

2.(a) Effective utilization of public funds is crucial to meet development goals. Critically examine the reasons for under-utilization and mis-utilization of public funds and their implications. (150 words) 10

2.(b) “Non-performance of duty by a public servant is a form of corruption”. Do you agree with this view? Justify your answer. (150 words) 10

3.(a) What is meant by the term ‘constitutional morality’? How does one uphold constitutional morality? (150 words) 10

3.(b) What is meant by ‘crisis of conscience’? How does it manifest itself in the public domain? (150 words) 10

4.(a) Explain the basic principles of citizens charter movement and bring out its importance. (150 words) 10

4(b) There is a view that the Official Secrets Act is an obstacle to the implementation of Right to Information Act. Do you agree with the view? Discuss. (150 words) 10

5.(a) What do you understand by probity in governance? Based on your understanding of the term, suggest measures for ensuring probity in government. (150 words) 10

5.(b) “Emotional Intelligence is the ability to make your emotions work for you instead of against you”. Do you agree with this view? Discuss. (150 words) 10

• What do each of the following quotations mean to you?

6.(a) “An unexamined life is not worth living”. – Socrates(150 words) 10

6.(b) “A man is but a product of his thoughts. What he thinks he becomes.” – M.K. Gandhi(150 words) 10

6.(c) “Where there is righteousness in the heart, there is beauty in the character. When there is beauty in the character, there is harmony in the home. When there is harmony in the home, there is order in the nation. When there is order in the nation, there is peace in the world” – A.P.J. Abdul Kalam (150 words)   10

SECTION ‘B’

• You are heading the rescue operations in an area affected by severe natural calamity. Thousands of people are rendered homeless and deprived of food, drinking water and other basic amenities. Rescue work has been disrupted by heavy rainfall and damage to supply routes. The local people are seething with anger against the delayed limited rescue operations. When your team reaches the affected area, the people there heckle and even assault some of the team members . One of your team members is even severely injured. Faced with this crisis, some team members plead with you to call off the operations fearing threats to their life.

In such trying circumstances, what will be your response? Examine the qualities of a public servant which will be required to manage the situation. (250 words) 20

• Honesty and uprightness are the hallmarks of a civil servant. Civil servants possessing these qualities are considered as the backbone of any strong organization. In line of duty, they take various decisions, at times some become bonafide mistakes. As long as such decisions are not taken intentionally and do not benefit personally, the officer cannot be said to be guilty. Though such decisions may, at times, lead to unforeseen adverse consequences in the long-term.

In the recent past, a few instances have surfaced wherein civil servants have been implicated for bonafide mistakes.  They have often been prosecuted and even imprisoned. The instances have greatly rattled the moral fibre of the civil servants.

How does this trend affect the functioning of the civil services? What measures can be taken to ensure the honest civil servants are not implicated for the bonafide mistakes on their part? Justify your answer. (250 words) 20

• An apparel manufacturing company having a large number of women employees was losing sales due to various factors. The company hired a reputed marketing executive, who increased the volume of sales within a short span of time. However, some unconfirmed reports came up regarding his indulgence in sexual harassment at the workplace.

After sometime a woman employee launched a formal complaint to the management against the marketing executive about sexually harassing her. Faced with the companies’ indifference, in not taking cognizance of her grievances, she lodged an FIR with the police.

Realizing the sensitivity and gravity of the situation, the company called the woman employee to negotiate. In that she was offered a hefty sum of money to withdraw the complaint and the FIR and also give in writing that the marketing executive is not involved in the case.

Identify the ethical issues involved in this case. What options are available to the woman employee? (250 words) 20

• In a modern democratic polity, there is a concept of the political executive and permanent executive. Elected people’s representatives form the political executive and bureaucracy forms the permanent executive. Ministers frame policy decisions and bureaucrats execute these. In the initial decades after independence, the relationship between the permanent executive and the political executive were characterized by mutual understanding, respect and cooperation, without encroaching upon each other’s domain.

However, in the subsequent decades, the situation has changed. There are instances of the political executive insisting upon the permanent executive to follow its agenda. Respect for an appreciation of upright bureaucrats has declined. There is an increasing tendency among the political executive to get involved in routine administrative matters such as transfers, posting etc. Under this scenario, there is a difinitive trend towards ‘politicization of bureaucracy’. The rising materialism and acquisitiveness in social life has also adversely impacted upon the ethical values of both the permanent executive and the political executive.

What are the consequences of this ‘politicization of bureaucracy’? Discuss. (250 words)     20

• In one of the districts of a frontier state, narcotics menace has been rampant. This has resulted in money laundering, mushrooming of poppy farming, arms smuggling and near stalling of education. The system is on the verge of collapse. The situation has been further worsened by unconfirmed reports that local politicians as well as some senior police officers are providing surreptitious patronage to the drug mafia. At that point of time a woman police officer, known for her skills in handling such situations is appointed as superintendent of police to bring the situation to normalcy.

If you are the same police officer, identify the various dimensions of the crisis. Based on your understanding, suggest measures to deal with the crisis. (250 words) 20

12. In recent times, there has been an increasing concern in India to develop effective civil service ethics, code of conduct, transparency measures, ethics and integrity systems and anti-corruption agencies. In view of this, there is a need being felt to focus on three specific areas, which are directly relevant to the problems of internalizing integrity and ethics in the civil services. These are as follows:

• Anticipating specific threats to ethical standards and integrity in the civil services,
• Strengthening the ethical competence of civil servants and
• Developing administrative processes and practices which promote ethical values and integrity in civil services.

Suggest institutional measures to address the above three issues. (250 words)  20

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Essay Question Paper: UPSC Civil Services Mains Exam – 2019

The UPSC 2019 Mains Essay paper was conducted on Friday, September 20 (Forenoon Session).

The complete UPSC Essay Question Paper – Civil Services Exam 2019 is given below.

IAS aspirants can refer to these links for other UPSC 2019 Question Papers – Civil Service Mains Exam.

• UPSC Mains 2019 – GS1
• UPSC Mains 2019 – GS2
• UPSC Mains 2019 – GS3
• UPSC Mains 2019 – GS4

All UPSC 2019 Question Papers (Prelims + Mains) can be downloaded together from the linked article.

Paper – I: Essay

Write two essays, choosing one topic from each of the following sections A and B, in about 1000-1200 words each: 125×2= 250

• Wisdom finds truth
• Values are not what humanity is, but what humanity ought to be
• Best for an individual is not necessarily best for society.
• Courage to accept and dedication to improve are two keys to success
• South Asian societies are woven not around the state, but around their plural culture and plural identities
• Neglect of primary health care and education in India are reasons for its backwardness
• Biased media is a real threat to Indian democracy
• Rise of Artificial Intelligence: the threat of jobless future or better job opportunities through reskilling and upskilling

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Essay Papers: UPSC CSE Main (2019 to 1993) - Get Past Years’ Essay Question Papers of UPSC CSE

Essay papers upsc cse main (2019 to 1993): previous years’ essay question papers (upsc mains paper 1) are available here. with this article, candidates can access question papers from 1993 onwards..

Essay Papers UPSC CSE Main (2019 to 1993): Previous years’ Essay question papers are available here. With this article, candidates can access question papers from 1993 onwards. How to write an essay in UPSC? This is one the most frequently asked questions by UPSC aspirants, preparing for UPSC Civil Services Examination. Different experts, toppers, teachers and educators have different answers to this question. Essay writing in the UPSC exam is an art and one can't be a master of it in one day. An expert at Jagran Josh has shared some tips which you can check from the link given below

⇒ How to write a good Essay in the IAS Exam: Video

⇒ UPSC Civil Services Exam 2020: 7 Effective Steps to Read Laxmikant Quickly for Indian Polity

You will also find many interview videos of UPSC (CSE) Toppers at JagranJosh.Com. Here we have also provided some links to access interview videos of UPSC Toppers where they are sharing their preparation strategy and giving some useful tips for the preparation of upcoming UPSC (CSE) Prelims and Mains exam.  

⇒ IAS Topper Kajal Jawla Rank 28 shares her strategy

⇒ Kanishak Kataria IAS Topper 2019 Rank 1 shares his IAS Strategy

⇒ Srushti Jayant Deshmukh IAS Topper (among Girls CSE Rank 5)

⇒ Best Books for UPSC (IAS) Preparation: Recommended by Toppers for CSE Mains & Prelims Preparation

These are previous years’ Essay Papers of UPSC CSE Main examination of 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019. Candidates preparing for UPSC 2020 Civil Services Examination can also take help of other important resources provided by Jagran Josh of the preparation of UPSC (IAS) Prelims 2020 exam. 

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General Studies Paper 4 (GS4) Question Paper – UPSC Civil Services Main Exam (Written) 2019

Last updated on September 30, 2023 by Alex Andrews George

Table of Contents

GENERAL STUDIES PAPER 4: UPSC Civil Services Mains Examination – 2019

Instructions.

• Total Marks: 250 marks, Time duration: 3 hours.
• There are 12 questions divided into two sections and printed both in ENGLISH and HINDI.
• All questions are compulsory.
• The number of marks carried by a question/part is printed against it.
• Answers must be written in the medium authorized in the admission certificate which must be stated clearly on the cover of this question-cum-answer (QCA) booklet in the space provided.
• No marks will be given for answers written in a medium other than an authorized one.
• Keep the word limit indicated in the questions in mind.
• Any page or portion of the page left blank must be struck off clearly.

General Studies Paper 4 (GS4) Questions – UPSC CSE Mains 2019

1 (a) What are the basic principles of public life? Illustrate any three of these with suitable examples. (150 words). 10 1 (b) What do you understand by the term ‘public servant’? Reflect on the expected role of a public servant. (150 words). 10 2 (a) Effective utilization of public funds is crucial to meet development goals. Critically e examine the reasons for under-utilization and mis-utilization of public funds and their implications. (150 words). 10 2 (b) “Non-performance of duty by a public servant is a form of corruption” Do you agree with this view? Justify your answer (150 words). 10 3 (a) what is meant by constitutional morality? How does one uphold constitutional morality? (150 words). 10

4 (a) Explain the basic principles of the citizens’ charter movement and bring out its importance. (150 words) (10 marks)

4(b) There is a view that the Official Secrets Act is an obstacle to the implementation of the Rights to Information Act. Do you agree with the view? Discuss (150 words) (10 marks)

5 (a) What do you understand by probity in governance? Based on your understanding of the term, suggest measures for ensuring probity in government. (150 words) (10 marks)

5 (b) “Emotional Intelligence is the ability to make your emotions work for you instead of against you.” Do you agree with this view? Discuss. (150 words) (10 marks)

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6. What do each of the following quotations mean to you?

(a) “An unexamined life is not worth living.” – Socrates (150 words) (10 marks)

(b) “A man is but the product of his thoughts. What he thinks, he becomes.” – M.K.Gandhi (150 words) (10 marks)

(c) “Where there is righteousness in the heart, there is beauty in the character. When there is beauty in the character, there is harmony in the home. When there is harmony in the home, there is order in the nation. When there is order in the nation, there is peace in the world.” – A.P.J. Abdul Kalam (150 words) (10 marks)

SECTION B: Case studies

Q7. You are heading the rescue operations in an area affected by severe natural calamity, thousands of people are rendered homeless and deprived of food, drinking water, and other basic amenities. Rescue work has been disrupted by heavy rainfall and damaged supply routes. The local people are seeded with anger against the delayed limited rescue operations. When your team reaches the affected area, the people there heckle and even assault some of the team members. One of your team members is even severely injured. Faced with this crisis some team member pleads with you to call off the operations freeing threats to their life.

In such trying circumstances, what will be your response? Examine the qualities of a public servant that will be required to manage the situations. (250 words) (20 marks)

Q8. Honesty and uprightness are the hallmarks of civil servants. Civil servants possessing these qualities are considered the backbone of any strong organization. In the line of duty, they make various decisions, and at times some become bonafide mistakes. As long as such decisions, are not taken intentionally and do not benefit personally, the officer cannot be said to be guilty. However such decisions may, at times, lead to unforeseen adverse consequences in the long term.

In the recent past, a few instances have surfaced wherein civil servants have been implicated for bonafide mistakes. They have often been prosecuted and even imprisoned. These instances have greatly rattled the moral fiber of the civil servants.

How does this trend affect the functioning of civil services? What measures can be taken to ensure that honest civil servants are not implicated for bonafide mistakes on their part? Justify your answer. (250 words) (20 marks)

Q9. An apparel manufacturing company having a large number of women employees was losing sales due to various factors. The company hired a reputed marketing executive, who increased the volume of sales within a short span of time. However, some unconfirmed reports came up regarding his indulgence in sexual harassment at the workplace.

After some time a women employee launched a formal complaint to the management against the marketing executive for sexually harassing her. Faced with the companies’ indifference, in not taking cognizance of her grievances, she lodged an FIR with the police.

Realizing the sensitivity and gravity of the situation, the company called the women employee to negotiate. In that, she was offered a hefty sum of money to withdraw the complaint and the FIR and also to give in writing that the marketing executive was not involved in the case.

Identify the ethical issues involved in this case. What options are available to the women employees? (250 words) (20 marks)

Q10. In a modern democratic polity, there is a concept of the political executive and permanent executive elected people’s representatives form the political executive, and bureaucracy forms the permanent executive. Ministers frame policy decisions and bureaucrats execute these. In the initial decades after independence, the relationship between the permanent executives and the political executives was characterized by mutual understanding, respect, and cooperation, without encroaching upon each other’s domain.

However, in subsequent decades, the situation has changed. There are instances of the political executive insisting upon the permanent executives to follow its agenda. Respect for and appreciation of upright bureaucrats has declined. There is an increasing tendency among the political executive to get involved in routine administrative matters such as transfers, posting, etc. Under this scenario, there is a definitive trend towards the ‘politicization of bureaucracy’. The rising materialism and acquisitiveness in social life have also adversely impacted upon the ethical values of both the permanent executive and the political executive.

What are the consequences of this ‘politicization of bureaucracy? Discuss. (250 words) (20 marks)

Q11. In one of the districts of a frontier state, the narcotics menace has been rampant. This has resulted in money laundering, mushrooming of poppy farming, arms smuggling, and near stalling of education. The system is on the verge of collapse. The situation has been further worsened by unconfirmed reports that local politicians, as well as some senior police officers, are providing surreptitious patronage to the drug mafia. At that point in time a woman police officer, known for her skills in handling such situations is appointed as superintendent of police to bring the situation to normalcy.

If you are the same police officer, identify the various dimensions of the crisis. Based on your understanding, suggest measures to deal with the crisis. (250 words) (20 marks)

Q12. In recent times, there has been an increasing concern in India to develop effective civil service ethics, code of conduct, transparency measures, ethics and integrity systems, and anti-corruption agencies. In view of this, there is a need being felt to focus on three specific areas, which are directly relevant to the problems of internalizing integrity and ethics in the civil services. These are as follows:

1. Anticipating specific threats to ethical standards and integrity in the civil services,

2. Strengthening the ethical competence of civil servants and

3. Developing administrative processes and practices that promote ethical values and integrity in civil services.

Suggest institutional measures to address the above three issues. (250 words) (20 marks)

UPSC CSE General Studies Paper 4 (GS4) Question Paper: Analysis

Many candidates treat ‘General Studies Paper 4’ as an ‘Ethics Paper’. However, the scope of this paper is much wider. UPSC itself mentions this paper as ‘Ethics, Integrity, and Aptitude’, and not just ethics.

It’s an Aptitude-measuring paper!

Through the ClearIAS approach to the Ethics paper in UPSC Mains, we had long before guided aspirants that this paper is more of an aptitude-checking paper rather than an ethics paper. The paper is not just about your ethics, but about your problem-solving skills and attitude in general.

The division of questions

The GS4 Question Paper in UPSC Mains had 12 questions – divided into two sections.

There were 6 case studies (we call them ‘problem-solving questions’), each worth 20 marks, thus contributing 6*20=120 marks.

The remaining 130 marks were also from 6 questions but with sub-questions. In effect, the 10-mark questions were 130 marks (13*10=130 marks).

This was the same pattern last year as well.

Nature of questions

Direct theoretical questions were less in number. UPSC Mains rather focussed on the application of the same in the life, views, and thoughts of a future civil servant.

It’s really nice to see UPSC including highly relevant topics like ‘Constitutional Morality’ in this year’s General Studies Paper 4.

As usual, UPSC gave candidates many quotes and sought their opinion from candidates.

Case studies

Case studies (or problem-solving questions) were not sticking to the ethical dilemma alone. The answer should include other dimensions as well.

A notable question from the case study section was about the consequences of politicization of bureaucracy.

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September 30, 2019 at 1:21 pm

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Essay Writing for Civil Services Examination

• 13 Aug 2018
• 20 min read

Understanding Essay Writing

An essay is a short piece of writing that sheds light on any given topic. M.H. Abrams, the American literary critic, notes that the essay is “Any short composition in prose that undertakes to discuss a matter, express a point of view, or persuade us to accept a thesis on any subject.”

Broadly speaking, there are two types of essays - formal and informal. In the UPSC Civil Services Examination (CSE), we are concerned with the formal essay. The formal essay is relatively impersonal, the author writes it as an authority and such essays tend to be less emotional. Formal essays can also have factual elements in it, like quoted statistics from a government report etc. It is never in the form of a conversation, never uses first-person references and seldom gets intimate with the audience. In short, a formal essay has a certain degree of seriousness attached to it.

Essay writing for CSE

• For the CSE essay paper, two essays have to be written under 3 hours in the 1000-1200 word limit. Each essay carries 125 marks for a total of 250.
• The essay paper is divided into two sections - A and B, each carrying a choice of 4 essays each, and the aspirant has to choose only one essay from each section.
• The instructions in the syllabus are clear in what is being expected from the aspirant. Aspirants are ‘expected to keep their thoughts closely to the subject and arrange their ideas accordingly.It furthur tates that, credit will be given for effective and coherent expression’.
• The underlined keywords are important because after content, these are the exact parameters on which the essay will be evaluated. 

Beginning Essay Writing

Practice makes perfect. For scoring good marks in the essay, one needs practice. But, before we get to the practising part, we should do some basic homework first. We would start by looking at what a well structured essay is, how it can be planned, what elements can be added to make the essay more scoring, and most importantly, how to do it all within the prescribed time limit.

Basic structure of an essay

The most common method of structuring a essay is breaking it up into paragraphs. In this technique, besides the introduction and the conclusion, there will be body-paragraphs. In these body-paragraphs, the aspirant will have to fit in all his content.

• Body-paragraphs can broadly be supportive, critical or narrative. Ideally, one can start any argument in an aptly phrased narrative paragraph which describe the topic in some detail and then move on to a supportive paragraph containing a few positive facts/ideas on the topic. Though critical paragraphs look best when they are placed last, there are no such rules, and for some topics it can be used as the opening paragraph for the topic.
• The most important part of the essay is perhaps the introduction. First impressions are very important, and a well thought out introduction will definitely make a positive impression on the examiner. We will discuss how to write a proper introduction later in this strategy.
• Similarly, the conclusion is where one can score additional marks if done properly. This will also be discussed later.

Keywords of the essay syllabus

• 'closely': Any deviation from the topic will be tolerated only up to a certain point. One must, therefore, as a rule stick as closely as possible to the topic at hand. Any example, quote, anecdote or reference must be on topic or related closely to it.
• 'arrange': The essay must be in an arranged form. The aspirant is supposed to plan ahead and form a structure of the essay before actually writing it down.
• 'orderly': The ideas or arguments put forward in the essay must follow an order. A haphazard essay that does not flow sequentially, must be avoided at all costs.
• 'concise': The essay and the matter discussed therein must be expressed as precisely possible. Clarity of thought and brevity of expression is what is looked for in the CSE essay.
• 'effective': The essay must be written in a language that makes a strong impression. Thus, one needs to be conveying a point with every sentence, every paragraph. Flowery language is best avoided.
• 'coherent': Coherence is required of all forms of writing, including answer writing, but in the CSE essay one must be extra careful to check that all individual sentences in the essay are making sense. Also, paragraphs as a whole must convey a clear and well thought out exposition on the theme of the essay.

Planning to write an essay

A good essay needs planning. There are three steps to it - defining or understanding what the essay is going to be about in very clear terms, brainstroming on the topic and thirdly, devising the outline of the essay.

Central idea of the thesis statement

• All CSE essays have a thesis statement. For example, in CSE 2016, the following essay was asked— ‘Innovation is the key determinant of economic growth and social welfare’ . Here the central idea is ‘innovation’. The aspirant is supposed to explore those dimensions of innovation that affect ‘economic growth and social welfare’. In doing so, the aspirant should not veer from the central topic of innovation but if possible add a few related ideas which may supplement the overall central idea that not only socio-economic but also other areas like technology and culture are affected by forces of innovation.
• In another essay asked in CSE— ‘Water disputes between States in federal India’ – the central idea is how the water disputes between various Indian states have played out and what are its various dimensions. Constitutional, legal, social and political dimensions, for ex, are a must for addressing this topic. In order to find out the various dimensions of any given topic we should perform a brainstorming exercise.

Brainstorming for essay writing

• Brainstorming for essay is a crucial step. Brainstorming helps you get all the ideas at one place for quick reference. There are no hard and fast rules, but typically one can begin with the given topic and immediately start listing the things that come to mind. One can ideally devote an entire page for this exercise.

Brainstorming guide

• The first requirement for brainstorming is focus. One should be able to focus single-mindedly on the job at hand, which in this case is jotting down as many points as possible regarding the essay topic.
• Boundaries must also be properly defined. If the topic does not absolutely require a particularly complex point or if it does not require following a difficult train of thought, it should be avoided. Keeping the essay as simple as possible without sacrificing the most valid points is what we should be looking for.
• Then we must set a time limit for the brainstorming session. Ideally, for CSE that time limit works out to about 25 minutes per essay. Within that time limit one is supposed to come up with all the necessary points and plans for writing the essay.
• Another important point to be made here is that aspirants should have a fair understanding regarding  the expectations of the CSE examiner from the essay. Every topic will have some basic ideas that the aspirants must necessarily try to explore or address. During brainstorming such a requirement can be searched for.
• In the brainstorming exercise one may also take help of diagrams, flow-charts, mind-maps etc., if needed. Sometimes doing this may clear things up to a great extent or even save precious time.
• Three things that one must exclusively do while brainstorming are — identify causes and factors, define the various issues and make a list of associated ideas. Doing this is key to success in the entire brainstorming exercise.

Adding elements to the essay

• Any good essay will definitely have a multitude of elements and dimensions to it. For CSE essay writing, there are certain basic rules that one can follow while searching for these elements and dimensions.
• The first of such rules would be to follow and uphold Constitutional values at all times . This is very crucial for essay writing in CSE, that the values enshrined in our Constitution reflect in whatever idea, problem or solution we discuss in the essay. At no point should one try and support an idea that is unconstitutional.
• One must also be democratic while addressing issues . The concepts of ‘freedom and equality’ should be the guiding principles while suggesting solutions and while criticising events or issues.
• Generally, one must also avoid taking absolutist/non-compromising positions . In fact, the best way to handle complex problems is to find the middle ground.
• One must also try not to make sweeping generalisations on any given issue. Instead, there should be hints of patience, justice and understanding in addressing or discussing any given topic.
• Lastly, there are two more things that an aspirant need to keep in mind while attempting the CSE essay. (A) Do not question the topic itself, which is to say, in other words, do not contradict yourself. Pick a position (ideally, the middle path) and stay true to it throughout the essay. (B) Never use positively, things that are universally considered or used in a negative sense, and vice-versa. For ex, one must not say that ‘terrorism’ under certain conditions is equivalent to a freedom struggle, even though quotes like ‘one man’s terrorist is another man’s freedom fighter’ are quite common.

Elements in an essay

• The three basic elements — social, political and economic — form the bedrock of a good CSE essay.
• To these, one may add other dimensions like Constitutional, legal, technological, technical etc. 
• Another important element is the persona Good personal experiences or anecdotes can no doubt be used to increase the effectiveness of the essay but these should stay within the accepted framework of ethical conduct.

PESTLE Analysis

• Political – Economic – Sociological – Technological – Legal – Environmental Analysis.
• Use PESTLE Analysis to figure out the various aspects, dimensions, factors etc of any given topic.

Outlining the essay

• Before writing the essay, it is best to outline it. To outline an essay means to figure out what to say in the introduction/conclusion, which idea comes where, or even what quote to use for the essay etc.
• Outlining the essay in rough helps us grasp the entirety of the essay before actually writing it. It helps us get the big picture, and also see what we could be missing.
• It is said that once we can figure out the conclusion to our essay, it becomes much easier to not only begin but finish it with confidence.

Writing An Essay 

Sticking to the time limit

In the CSE, one has to write two essays in 3 hours which translates into 1 hour 30 minutes for each essay. Out of this, around 45 minutes to 1 hour will be required to write one essay. One can add another 10 minutes for the revision of one essay. This leaves us with roughly 30 minutes of time to prepare the essay in rough, and it includes time for carrying out the brainstorming and outlining exercises.

How to introduce the essay

• The goal of the introduction should be to arouse the reader’s interest in the topic and to prepare the reader for what is to follow.
• A good introduction to the essay can be a brief explanation of the essay topic itself. It can be made further interesting by adding to it some personal experience, or some relevant anecdotes or quotes
• The introduction should not be confusing or lacking in clarity, rather it should be able to immediately clear up any doubts regarding the topic if there is any.

Writing in paragraphs

• In a stand-alone paragraph, the concluding sentence announces that the paragraph is finished, complete. In an essay, the concluding sentence of a paragraph is more likely to play the role of a transitional device, joining one paragraph to the next.
• Flow is very important in an essay. It is also connected to writing order. Writing orders are of two types
• Known-to-New is the order of writing where the author by choice goes from known (given) concepts to unknown ones. New material is gradually added to build on the unknown.
• Simple-to-Complex is the order of writing where the author first establishes a base of concepts that are easily understood and then develops over it increasingly complex ideas.
• One can use the FREQOES method to add matter to the various paragraphs.

How to conclude the essay

• The essay can be concluded in the following ways - restating the main points in brief and with different wordings (summarizing), suggesting a way forward or a course of action, or adding an interesting personal comment or any relevant anecdote.
• Another way to conclude the essay is by returning to the discussion begun in the introduction. This is called the ‘cyclic return’ and a lot of essays follow this simple method of concluding an essay.
• The conclusion should bear a positive outlook, it should see the silver lining in the clouds. It should also be as clear and concise as possible.

Revising the essay

• To revise, read the essay in its entirety, underlining (preferably with scale and pencil) important words or phrases. Correct spelling or grammatical mistakes if any. Make sure the pages look clean and tidy.
• One may add or omit a few words but it should not be overdone. It is also not advisable that entirely new ideas/sentences are inserted in the essay at the time of revision, unless such information is critical to the essay.

Some tips on essay writing

• One can go through the CSE previous year’s essays and understand the concepts, dimensions and solutions required to solve those. Having a simple understanding of complex social problems is the secret to writing a good essay for the CSE.
• One can also keep handy a small collection of quotes or quotable phrases and citable anecdotes to be used while writing the essay. This keeps one prepared for writing any type of essay.

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Please enable it in your browser settings and refresh this page. 283 IMAGES Upsc CSE 2019 UPSC CSE Mains Essay Question Paper PDF Download ESSAY PAPER Essay Papers: UPSC CSE Main (2019 to 1993) UPSC 2019 Mains Essay Paper Analysis Analysis of the UPSC-CSE 2019 Mains Essay Paper COMMENTS ESSAY PAPER ESSAY PAPER - UPSC Civil Services Mains - 2019 General Studies Paper - 1 General Studies Paper - 2 General Studies Paper - 3 General Studies Paper - 4 SECTION A 1. Wisdom finds truth 2. Values are not what humanity is, but what humanity ought to be 3. Best for an individual … Continue reading "ESSAY PAPER - UPSC Civil Services Mains - 2019" civil services (main) examination, 2019 Examination Time Table. TT-CSME-2019-Engl.pdf. 15/07/2019. e - Admit Card. 30/08/2019. Question Paper. General Studies Paper - I, General Studies Paper - II, General Studies Paper - III, General Studies Paper - IV English Compulsory, Assamese Compulsory, Bengali Compulsory, Dogri Compulsory, Gujarati Compulsory, Hindi Compulsory, Kannada ... Essay Previous Year Papers Essay Previous Year Papers. This just in: UPSC CSE Notification 2024 Mains Marathon 2024 UPSC IFoS Prelims Result 2024 UPSC CSE Prelims Result 2024 UPSC Prelims 2024 CSAT (Answer Key) Revised Answer Key UPSC Prelims 2024 GS 1 UPSC Prelims 2024 CSAT UPSC Prelims 2024 GS 1 Mains Test Series scheduled to begin from 9th June, 2024 has been ... PDF Welcome to UPSC A B 1000-1200 Write two essays, choosing one topic from each of the following Sections A and B, in about 1000 —1200 words each 1250=250 1. 2. Previous Year Question Papers EOP for PwD Employees of UPSC; Directory; Museum; Virtual Tour of Museum; Examination . Calendar; ... Previous Year Question Papers. Search Exam Name . Apply. ... 2019 - 2020) Paper - II (Procedure and Practice, Category III) (For Year - 2019 - 2020) Paper - II (Procedure and Practice, Category X) (For Year - 2019 - 2020) Paper - III Noting and ... Essay Qn Paper 2019 UPSC Mains Conclusion. In general, the Essay Question Paper of the UPSC Civil Services Main Exam (Written) 2019 was devoid of any ambiguities. It straight away touched on the relevant topics. As almost all questions were kind of answerable, the presentation and writing skills would make the difference in marks. UPSC Civil Services Mains Examination UPSC Essay Paper Mains-2019: UPSC CIVIL SERVICES MAINS EXAM 2019 ESSAY PAPER : UPSC Civil Services Mains Examination - 2019. The UPSC conducts the Civil Services examinations every year for the selection of IAS aspirants. The Mains phase of the examination has nine papers, with the Essay paper for 2019 being conducted on 20 th September.. The Syllabus for the Essay paper as given by the UPSC is: PDF UPSC CSE 2019 MAINS PAPER 1 SEPTEMBER 20, 2019 ESSAY QUESTION PAPER UPSC CSE 2019 MAINS PAPER 1 SEPTEMBER 20, 2019 ESSAY QUESTION PAPER . 250 Time Allowed ESSAY Three Hours ... The ESSAY must be written in the medium authorized in the Admission Certificate which must be stated clearly on the cover of this Question-cum-Answer (QCA) Booklet in the space provided. No marks will be given for answers written in ... UPSC Mains: Download GS Paper I, Essay PDF. CSE Question Papers 2019 IAS Mains Question Papers 2019- Download UPSC Mains (Essay, GS, Optional Subjects) Question Papers 2019 along with Prelims Papers and Answer Keys for 2019 exam preparation. Login. ... In addition, solving the CSE 2019 paper will also help in familiarising with the exam pattern to a certain extent. ... UPSE CSE Mains 2019 Essay Paper: Questions and analysis New Delhi, UPDATED: Sep 20, 2019 17:18 IST. UPSC Civil Services Mains Examination 2019 started on Friday, September 20, 2019, with a 3-hour exam of Essay Paper. Candidates were asked to write two essays, one each from Section A and B. ESSAY PAPER: UPSC Civil Services Mains Examination - 2019. Time allowed: 3 Hours. VisionIAS UPSC Toppers' Answer Copies The UPSC Civil Services Examination (CSE) is one of India's most prestigious tests, aimed at selecting candidates for diverse civil services roles such as IAS, IPS, and IFS. Administered annually by the UPSC, this examination is known for its rigorous selection procedure, encompassing Prelims, Mains, and a Personality Test/Interview. ESSAY PAPER ForumIAS announcing GS Foundation Program for UPSC CSE 2025-26 from 10th August. Click Here for more information. UPSC Civil Services Mains Examination - 2019. ESSAY PAPER. SECTION A. 1. Wisdom finds truth. 2. Values are not what humanity is, but what humanity ought to be. civil services (preliminary) examination, 2019 Name of Examination: Civil Services (Preliminary) Examination, 2019. Date of Notification. 19/02/2019. Date of Commencement of Examination. 02/06/2019. Duration of Examination. One Day. Last Date for Receipt of Applications. 19/03/2019 - 6:00pm. UPSC Civil Services Exam Previous Year Question Papers (IAS/IPS) ClearIAS provides the option to download the previous year's UPSC CSE questions as PDFs. Click the below links to download UPSC Prelims question papers from 2011. UPSC CSE 2025: Study Plan ⇓. (1) ⇒ UPSC 2025: Prelims cum Mains. (2) ⇒ UPSC 2025: Prelims Test Series. (3) ⇒ UPSC 2025: CSAT. Download General Studies Paper Download General Studies Paper - 2: UPSC Civil Services Mains Exam 2019 UPSC Mains GS paper - 2 (2019) (PDF) Essay Paper - 2019 General Studies Paper - 1 General Studies Paper - 3 General Studies Paper - 4 Do you think that constitution of India does not accept principle of strict separation … Continue reading "Download General Studies Paper - 2: UPSC Civil Services Mains Exam ... 2019 UPSC CSE Question Papers Mains UPSC CSE Question Paper 2019. Essay. Download 2019 UPSC Essay Question Paper; Mains General Studies. General Studies 1 Question Paper; ... The PYQ, or Previous Year Question papers, of the Prelims GS 2019 exam is a valuable resource for those preparing for the test. It provides a glimpse into the types of questions that may appear on the ... UPSC Previous Year Question Papers The 2 qualifying papers are the Language papers- English and a compulsory Indian Language. The remaining 7 papers are- General Studies I, II, III, IV, V, Optional Paper I & II, and an Essay. The duration of all these papers is 3 hours each. UPSC Mains Previous Year Question Paper- General Studies General Studies UPSC MAINS GS-4 ETHICS PAPER 2019 . Essay Paper - 2019. General Studies Paper - 1. General Studies Paper - 2. General Studies Paper - 3 . INSIGHTSIAS UPSC CSE 2019 ... UPSC Mains Essay Question Paper UPSC Mains 2019 - GS3. UPSC Mains 2019 - GS4. All UPSC 2019 Question Papers(Prelims + Mains) can be downloaded together from the linked article. Paper - I: Essay. Write two essays, choosing one topic from each of the following sections A and B, in about 1000-1200 words each: 125×2= 250. Section A. Essay Papers: UPSC CSE Main (2019 to 1993) Essay Papers UPSC CSE Main (2019 to 1993): Previous years' Essay question papers (UPSC Mains Paper 1) are available here. With this article, candidates can access question papers from 1993 onwards. General Studies Paper 4 Qn Paper UPSC Mains 2019 The GS4 Question Paper in UPSC Mains had 12 questions - divided into two sections. There were 6 case studies (we call them 'problem-solving questions'), each worth 20 marks, thus contributing 6*20=120 marks. The remaining 130 marks were also from 6 questions but with sub-questions. In effect, the 10-mark questions were 130 marks (13*10 ... UPSC Previous Years Question Paper PDF with Answers Below, we have provided the last 10 years UPSC question papers with answers PDF to strategize, revise, and get helpful insights towards your preparation. These papers are essential tools to help you improve your efficiency in clearing the UPSC exam. Show more. Political Science Question Paper-1&2 (2023) Download. Essay Writing for Civil Services Examination Essay writing for CSE. For the CSE essay paper, two essays have to be written under 3 hours in the 1000-1200 word limit. Each essay carries 125 marks for a total of 250. The essay paper is divided into two sections - A and B, each carrying a choice of 4 essays each, and the aspirant has to choose only one essay from each section. UPSC CSE Mains 2019 Essay Paper Solution PDF Download UPSC CSE Mains 2019 Essay Paper Solution PDF Download Now you have made up your mind to become IAS officer and looking for the books and study materials to achieve your goal. Well, you are on the right page. Now We are Sharing With You UPSC CSE Mains 2019 General Studies Paper 2 Solution PDF […] NDLI: UPSC NDA & NA (I) 2019 Question Papers NDLI is a conglomeration of freely available or institutionally contributed or donated or publisher managed contents. Almost all these contents are hosted and accessed from respective sources. UPSC Essays Simplified How to write essays for UPSC Civil Services Exams? We have an answer for you in the form of our new series. In UPSC Essentials' special series UPSC Essays Simplified, we take you through various steps of writing a good essay.While there is no set formula or fixed criteria prescribed, Manas Srivastava talks to Ravi Kapoor, our expert, in this new series who guides the aspirants with a ... assignment essay homework paper phd report resume review speech thesis